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| Title | Functional aspects of development toxicity of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons in experimental animals and human infants. |
| Autor(s) | Brouwer A, Ahlborg UG, Van den Berg, M, Birnbaum L, Boersma ER, Bosveld B, Denison MS, GrayLE, Hagmar L, Holene E, Huisman M, Jacobson SW, Jacobson JL, Koopman-Esseboom C, Koppe JG, Kulig BM, Morse DC, Muckle G, Peterson RE, Sauer PJJ, Seegal RF, Prooije AESV, Touwen BCL, Weisglas-Kuperus N and Winneke G. |
| Journal | Eur. J. Pharmacol. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. |
| Year | 1995 |
| Volume | Section 293 |
| Pages | 1-40 |
| Subject(s) | DR-CALUX , Sediment , Pore water |
| Summary |
|
A scientific evaluation was made of functional aspects of developmental toxicity of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in experimental animals and in human infants. Persistent neurobehavioral, reproductive and endocrine alterations were observed in experimental animals, following in utero and lactational exposure to PCBs, PCDDs and PCDFs. The lowest observable adverse effect levels (LOAELs) for developmental neurobehavioral and reproduction endpoints, based on body burden of TCDD-toxic equivalents (TEQs) in animals, are within the range of current background human body burdens. Relatively subtle adverse effects on neurobehavioral development and thyroid hormone alterations have also been observed in infants and children exposed to background levels. Exclusive use of the toxic equivalency factor (TEF) approach may underestimate the risk of neurodevelopmental effects, because both Ah receptor dependent and independent mechanisms may be involved in these effects. The use of marker congeners and/or bioassays based on Ah receptor mediated mechanisms are rapid, low cost pre-screening alternatives for expensive and time consuming gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis.
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